A Smithsonian Institution linguist claims the term "redskins" was first used by tribal leaders back in the early 1800s and was not meant to be pejorative, The Washington Post reports.

In research published in the European Review of Native American Studies, linguist Ives Goddard said the first appearance of "red skin" was in a news story in 1815 that detailed talks between tribes and the U.S. The newspaper quoted the words of Meskwaki chief Black Thunder.

"Restrain your feelings and hear calmly what I say," Black Thunder reportedly said.... "I have never injured you, and innocence can feel no fear. I turn to all red skins and white skins, and challenge an accusation against me."

Goddard said his research can't be used to justify the current use of the term. Activist Suzan Shown Harjo, the lead plaintiff in a lawsuit challenging the Washington "Redskins" team names, says the term has negative origins.

Get the Story:
A Linguist's Alternative History of 'Redskin' (The Washington Post 10/3)
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William "Lone Star" Dietz Research:
Linda Waggoner: Reclaiming James One Star (Indian Country Today 2004)

Appeals Court Decision:
Pro-Football, Inc. v. Harjo (July 15, 2005)

Lower Court Decision:
Pro-Football, Inc. v. Harjo (September 30, 2003)

Patent and Trademark Office Ruling:
Trademark Trial and Appeal Board (1999)

Relevant Links:
Redskins - http://www.redskins.com

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