We are comfortable in the 21st century and distanced from the nuances of our own cultures and knowing practically nothing of other Native cultures in these images, yet give arm-chair critiques of what “we now think is real”, just as Curtis was attempting to do 100 years ago. Think about that, what was happening to our ancestors 100 years ago? From a population low of 250,000 to the current estimate of 5.2 million, we are not the Vanishing People that Edward Curtis and the rest of the United States thought would be our inevitable destiny. The political correctness of our own people now decries every image, book, film or discussion that offends our modern sensibilities.

But the Kwakwaka’wakw were there at every step to help bring this film back because their relatives were in it and it was their community and it is actually a piece of modern history that could reach back even further. Native and non-Native critics will continue to debate the merits of “everything Curtis” and there will always be disclaimers attached to his work to remind people that what they are seeing is not quite exact yet, there is truth to be revealed. But Native people, elders and scholars should be the ones recounting the memories, stories and knowledge that the film and photos evoke.

“In The Land of the Head Hunters” is an amazing document of a film, but it is not a documentary, yet people believed it to be so. The Kwakiutl partnered with Curtis to make a “modern” film by recreating the settings and cultural lifestyles that the governments wanted abandoned. The spectacle about head hunting was for effect, supposedly taken from oral tradition, the Natives say it was fabricated. Boaz and other ethnographers refer of practices attributed to a Kwakiutl tribe, the Lewiltok, who raided up and down the Pacific Coast. The love story is archetypal from any number of ancient cultures. The film was “Hollywood-ized” as we would term it today, just as the film industry was beginning, so they could to promote the spectacle.