{"id":4731,"date":"2020-05-11T18:20:03","date_gmt":"2020-05-11T22:20:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.indianz.com\/covid19\/?p=4731"},"modified":"2020-05-11T18:20:03","modified_gmt":"2020-05-11T22:20:03","slug":"sisseton-wahpeton-oyate-north-dakota-south-dakota","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/covid19\/2020\/05\/11\/sisseton-wahpeton-oyate-north-dakota-south-dakota\/","title":{"rendered":"Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate (North Dakota, South Dakota)"},"content":{"rendered":"
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A coronavirus checkpoint on the Pine Ridge Reservation. Photo courtesy Anna Halverson<\/p><\/div>\n

PRESS RELEASE:  <\/span>May 11, 2020<\/p>\n

THE SEVEN COUNCIL FIRES STAND UNITED<\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Agency Village, South Dakota — The Oceti Sakowin of the Dakota\/Nakota\/Lakota Oyate<\/i> or Seven Council Fires of the Great Sioux Nation stand united to protect our Native people from the ravages of the Coronavirus COVID-19.  <\/span>Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate represents two of the traditional Seven Council Fires, and we have conferred with our sister Dakota\/Nakota\/Lakota Nation Tribes and we stand united in supporting our inherent sovereignty and treaty rights to protect our Native people.  <\/span><\/p>\n

Our Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate and the Spirit Lake Tribe entered the 1867 Sioux Nation treaty preserving our traditional lands at the Lake Traverse Reserve and Spirit Lake Tribe.  <\/span>The 1868 Sioux Nation Treaty set aside the Great Sioux Reservation as the \u201cpermanent home\u201d of our Sioux Nation tribes, including the Cheyenne River and Oglala Sioux, our traditional Itancan<\/i>\u2014leaders\u2014reserved our rights to self-determination and self-government.  <\/span><\/p>\n

Perhaps the most essential power of sovereignty is self-defense, protection the lives of our Native Peoples.  <\/span>The Federal Courts have consistently ruled that Indian nations have inherent sovereign authority over our \u201cmembers\u201d and our \u201cterritory,\u201d and the Federal Courts have expressly ruled that our Indian nations retain jurisdiction over our highways:<\/p>\n

in Rosebud Sioux Tribe v. South Dakota<\/i>, 900 F.2d 1164 (8th Cir. 1990). Rosebud reversed the district court’s decision which had sustained the state’s exercise of jurisdiction over highways running through reservations in the state.<\/p>\n

Accordingly, in South Dakota v. Spotted Horse, <\/i>462 N.W.2d 463 (1990) affirmed that the State has no jurisdiction over Indians\u2014or tribal police officers\u2014on tribal reservation roads.  <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

In contrast, Tribal Police retain authority to stop, detain, search and transport or eject all alleged offenders\u2014Indian or non-Indian\u2014on reservation highways.  <\/span>For example, in United States v. Terry, <\/i>(8th<\/sup> Cir. 2005), the Federal Court of Appeals explained:<\/b><\/p>\n

The Supreme Court has recognized that tribal law enforcement authorities possess \u201ctraditional and undisputed power to exclude persons whom they deem to be undesirable from tribal lands,\u201d and therefore have \u201cthe power to restrain those who disturb public order on the reservation, and if necessary to eject them.\u201d<\/p>\n

Reasonably<\/i>, Tribal Governments have the power to protect the public health and safety on reservation roads.  <\/span>In Terry<\/i>, our Federal Court of appeals ruled that tribal police have the authority to \u201cdetain non-Indians whose conduct disturbs the public order on their reservation,\u201d and upheld the Oglala Sioux Tribe\u2019s overnight detention of a non-Indian offender and the search of his pick-up under the so-called \u201cautomobile exception\u201d to the 4th<\/sup> Amendment\u2019s warrant requirements. <\/span><\/p>\n

Some cite Federal road regulations concerning consultation and agreements, but those regulations allow for immediate action to protect public health.  <\/span>Here again, our Indian nations have authority to protect our own Native people from outside infection during the National COVID-19 Emergency declared by the President and affirmed by the Congress of the United States.  <\/span><\/p>\n

A number of South Dakota state legislators have written to the Governor, questioned the threats of litigation, explaining:  <\/span>\u201cWe do not wish to be party of another lawsuit that will ultimately cost the people of South Dakota more money. We wish to work with all parties involved for a reasonable, legal, and appropriate solution that address the concerns of all sovereigns involved.\u201d  <\/span><\/p>\n

Sisseton Wahpeton Chairman Donovan White said, \u201cAll of our Seven Council Fires stand in unity with the Cheyenne River and Oglala Sioux Tribes.  <\/span>The Governor should work with her state legislators, work with the Tribal Chairmen and Councils, acknowledge the sovereign authority of the Cheyenne River and Oglala Sioux Tribes and come up with a reasonable plan to assist them in protecting public safety and health of our Native people in South Dakota with public announcements, etc.  <\/span>After all, our Native people are four times more likely to succumb to the COVID-19 Coronavirus.\u201d  <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Oceti Sakowin of the Dakota\/Nakota\/Lakota Oyate or Seven Council Fires of the Great Sioux Nation stand united to protect our Native people from the ravages of the Coronavirus.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[278,486,13,496,287],"class_list":["post-4731","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tribes","tag-north-dakota","tag-sisseton-wahpeton","tag-south-dakota","tag-sovereignty","tag-treaties"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/covid19\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4731","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/covid19\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/covid19\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/covid19\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/covid19\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4731"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/covid19\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4731\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4733,"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/covid19\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4731\/revisions\/4733"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/covid19\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4731"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/covid19\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4731"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/covid19\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4731"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}