{"id":41477,"date":"2024-10-02T19:32:38","date_gmt":"2024-10-02T23:32:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/?p=41477"},"modified":"2024-10-25T10:24:21","modified_gmt":"2024-10-25T14:24:21","slug":"efforts-continue-to-account-for-genocidal-indian-boarding-school-era","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/10\/02\/efforts-continue-to-account-for-genocidal-indian-boarding-school-era\/","title":{"rendered":"Efforts continue to account for genocidal Indian boarding school era"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=row>\r\n<div class=col-7>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/10\/02\/efforts-continue-to-account-for-genocidal-indian-boarding-school-era\/debhaaland-66\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-41482\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1366\" height=\"2048\" data-attachment-id=\"41482\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/10\/02\/efforts-continue-to-account-for-genocidal-indian-boarding-school-era\/debhaaland-66\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/02\/debhaaland.jpeg\" data-orig-size=\"1366,2048\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-title=\"Deb Haaland\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Deb Haaland&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Secretary of the Interior Deb Haaland looks at documents from the Carlisle Indian Industrial School during a visit to an archive at  Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, on October 2, 2024. Photo: &lt;a href=https:\/\/x.com\/SecDebHaaland\/status\/1841565264334487587&gt;U.S. Department of the Interior&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/02\/debhaaland.jpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/02\/debhaaland.jpeg\" alt=\"Deb Haaland\"  class=\"size-full wp-image-41482\" \/><\/a> <\/div>\r\n<div class=\"col-5 align-self-end\"><figcaption class=\"figure-caption\">Secretary of the Interior Deb Haaland looks at documents from the Carlisle Indian Industrial School during a visit  to an archive at  Dickinson College  in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, on October 2, 2024. Photo: <a href=https:\/\/x.com\/SecDebHaaland\/status\/1841565264334487587>U.S. Department of the Interior<\/a><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"h3-responsive font-weight-bold\">Efforts continue to account for genocidal Indian boarding school era<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"date\">Wednesday, October 2, 2024<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"byline\">By Acee Agoyo<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"source\">Indianz.Com<\/div>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.doi.gov\/secretary-deb-haaland\">Secretary of the Interior Deb Haaland<\/a> made another visit to one of the most infamous Indian boarding school sites in the nation, one to which she has a family connection.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nHaaland is the first Native person to lead the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.doi.gov\/\">Department of the Interior<\/a>, the federal agency with the most trust and treaty responsibilities in Indian Country. Her tenure stands in stark contrast to a dark era in U.S. history, during which <a href=\"https:\/\/boardingschoolhealing.org\/education\/us-indian-boarding-school-history\/\">tens of thousands of children were taken from their tribal communities<\/a> and sent to boarding schools far away.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n&#8220;Carlisle Indian Industrial School was a place where Native children &#8212; after being stolen from their families  &#8212; were taken to become assimilated,&#8221; <a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/SecDebHaaland\/status\/1841565264334487587\">Haaland said in a post<\/a> on social media on Wednesday. \r\n<P><\/P>\r\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Carlisle Indian Industrial School was a place where Native children \u2014 after being stolen from their families \u2014 were taken to become assimilated. Its military founder created what would become a model for others. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/qR3vWHhOTz\">pic.twitter.com\/qR3vWHhOTz<\/a><\/p>&mdash; Secretary Deb Haaland (@SecDebHaaland) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/SecDebHaaland\/status\/1841565264334487587?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">October 2, 2024<\/a><\/blockquote> <script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nHaaland&#8217;s great-grandfather was among those impacted by the Indian boarding school era. \r\nIn 1881, her ancestor  was <a href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/@deb4congressnm\/hope-for-the-future-4884a235906c\">taken from his family<\/a> at the <a href=https:\/\/www.lagunapueblo-nsn.gov\/>Pueblo of Laguna<\/a> in New Mexico and sent to Carlisle in Pennsylvania, nearly 2,000 miles away.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n&#8220;Its military founder created what would become a model for others,&#8221; Haaland said of the the infamous <a href=https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2016\/08\/16\/first-use-of-racism-came-from-founder-of.asp>&#8220;Kill the Indian &#8230; and save the man&#8221;  motto<\/a> at Carlisle.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nBut as the first Native person with a seat in a U.S. presidential cabinet, Haaland has been working to address the generations of harm caused by genocidal government policies. Her visit to Carlisle serves as a reminder of the <a href=https:\/\/www.doi.gov\/priorities\/strengthening-indian-country\/federal-indian-boarding-school-initiative>Federal Indian Boarding School Initiative<\/a> that she launched more than three years ago to investigate how the department she now leads played a role in the forced removal and assimilation of tribal children.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n&#8220;In operation from 1879 through 1918, Carlisle Indian Industrial School was the first off reservation boarding school in the continental United States,&#8221; Haaland&#8217;s department said in a <a href=https:\/\/indianz.com\/z\/fibs\/2024\/10\/02\/press-release-secretary-haaland-visits-site-of-carlisle-indian-industrial-school\/>news release<\/a> on Wednesday. &#8220;Over four decades, approximately 7,800 Native American children attended the school, far from their families, homes and communities. The school was a model for the federal government\u2019s boarding school policies aimed at stripping Indigenous children of their languages, religions and cultures.&#8221;\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">\ud83e\udde1 On this National Day of Remembrance for U.S. Indian Boarding Schools, we honor the Native children who never returned and stand with the survivors, families, and communities still healing from this trauma.<br><br>Support our mission and donate to NABS today. <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/RememberSurvivors?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#RememberSurvivors<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/qA1j26Plst\">pic.twitter.com\/qA1j26Plst<\/a><\/p>&mdash; NABS Healing Coalition (@NABSHC) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/NABSHC\/status\/1840857935183818877?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">September 30, 2024<\/a><\/blockquote> <script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nThe journey to Carlisle, made along with other senior Interior officials, also coincides with ongoing efforts to hold the U.S. accountable for its  actions. The <a href=https:\/\/boardingschoolhealing.org\/nabs-acknowledges-national-day-of-remembrance-for-u-s-indian-boarding-schools\/>National Day of Remembrance for U.S. Indian Boarding Schools<\/a> was just observed on Monday, September 30.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n&#8220;On the National Day of Remembrance for U.S. Indian boarding schools, we honor the lives affected by this painful legacy, acknowledge the strength of Survivors and our Native communities and our shared responsibility to foster healing and understanding,\u201d said <a href=https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/RuthBuffalo4ND\/>Ruth Anna Buffalo<\/a>, a citizen of the <a href=https:\/\/www.mhanation.com\/>Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nation<\/a> who serves as <a href=https:\/\/boardingschoolhealing.org\/about-us\/board-and-staff\/>president of the National Native American Boarding School Healing Coalition<\/a>, or NABS.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nNABS hosted its own observation for National Day of Remembrance at an <a href=https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/DAWnPIXSe40\/>event in Washington, D.C. last week<\/a>. The non-profit has been working in  the nation&#8217;s capitol on legislation that would expand on Secretary Haaland&#8217;s  investigation by creating a   <a href=https:\/\/boardingschoolhealing.org\/truthcommission\/>Truth and Healing Commission\r\non Indian Boarding School Policies<\/a>.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nOne of the goals of the  national body  would to be take an even broader look at all of the institutions &#8212;  from religious groups and  private organizations  to state and local governments  &#8212; that have played a role in the removal of children from their tribes.  \r\nWith time running out in the current session of the U.S. Congress, advocates  continue to push for passage of the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act [<a href=https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/118th-congress\/senate-bill\/1723>S.1723<\/a> | <a href=https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/118th-congress\/house-bill\/7227>H.R.7227<\/a>] to start what is expected to be a long process.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n&#8220;Congress must bring forward S.1723\/H.R.7227 to the floor and pass this legislation,&#8221;   Theresa Sheldon, the Secretary for the <a href=https:\/\/www.tulaliptribes-nsn.gov\/>Tulalip Tribes<\/a>, said in a <a href=https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/DAJtcCuyCZT\/>September 20 post on NABS social media<\/a> encouraging the public to contact members of Congress. &#8220;Our elders deserve for their stories to be told.&#8221;\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n<div class=\"embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\">\r\n<div class=\" content_cards_card content_cards_domain_youtu-be\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"content_cards_image\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_image_link\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/3sryGEt3bR8\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/05\/maxresdefault-526.jpg\" alt=\"Sen. Brian Schatz (D-Hawaii): Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act\">\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_title\">\n\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_title_link\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/3sryGEt3bR8\">\n\t\t\tSen. Brian Schatz (D-Hawaii): Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_description\">\n\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_description_link\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/3sryGEt3bR8\">\n\t\t\t<p>Sen. Brian Schatz (D-Hawaii) speaks in support of S.1723, the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act, on July 24, 2024.The bipar&#8230;<\/p>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_site_name\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/s\/desktop\/abaf15f5\/img\/favicon.ico\" alt=\"YouTube\" class=\"content_cards_favicon\"\/>\t\tYouTube\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<figcaption class=\"figure-caption\">Indianz.Com Video: <a href=https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/07\/25\/videos-lawmakers-call-for-passage-of-indian-boarding-school-bill\/>Lawmakers call for passage of Indian boarding school bill<\/a>\r\n<\/figcaption>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nThe Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act enjoys   bipartisan backing on Capitol Hill.  The administration of President Joe Biden, a Democrat, also  supports the legislation.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nBut neither the <a href=https:\/\/www.senate.gov\/>U.S. Senate<\/a>, which is controlled by Democrats, nor the <a href=https:\/\/www.house.gov\/>U.S. House of Representatives<\/a>, which is in Republican hands, brought up the bill for passage. The lack of movement recently prompted a call to action by <a href=https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/07\/25\/videos-lawmakers-call-for-passage-of-indian-boarding-school-bill\/>supporters of S.1723<\/a>.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n &#8220;For over 150 years, the U.S. government stole hundreds of thousands of Native children from their families and communities,&#8221; <a href=https:\/\/www.schatz.senate.gov\/>Sen. Brian Schatz<\/a> (D-Hawaii), the chair of the <a href=https:\/\/indian.senate.gov\/>Senate Committee on Indian Affairs<\/a>,  said during a <a href=https:\/\/x.com\/indianz\/status\/1816265179929403472>round of speeches on the Senate floor<\/a> on July 24.\r\n<P><\/p>\r\n&#8220;These institutions, by design, worked with efficient, brutal, systematic diligence to force Native children to abandon their culture,  abandon their language,  and abandon their very identity through unspeakably cruel punishment,  abuse  and neglect,&#8221; Schatz added.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nIn addition to  collecting records from public and private parties, holding   hearings to gather testimony from survivors, the commission would  look into the number of   children who were abused, died or went missing from Indian boarding schools. The <a href=https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/07\/30\/indian-boarding-school-investigation-puts-billion-dollar-figure-on-genocidal-policy\/>Department of the Interior&#8217;s investigation<\/a> has said at least 973 children who died and has documented at least 74 marked and  unmarked burial sites where young people were laid to rest. \r\n<p><\/p>\r\nThe burial sites include a cemetery at Carlisle, now under control of the U.S. military. In 2021, <a href=https:\/\/x.com\/SecDebHaaland\/status\/1415341459390226437>Haaland participated<\/a> in the <a href=https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2021\/07\/19\/lakota-youth-return-home-after-more-than-a-century-away\/>return of Lakota children  who died at the school<\/a>    to the <a href=https:\/\/www.rosebudsiouxtribe-nsn.gov>Rosebud Sioux Tribe<\/a> and the <a href=https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/THEOGLALANATION\/>Oglala Sioux Tribe<\/a>.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-conversation=\"none\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Vol II updates the official list of federal Indian Boarding Schools to 417 institutions in 37 states.<br><br>At least 973 American Indian, Alaska Native &amp; Native Hawaiian children died at Indian boarding schools.<br><br>At least 74 marked &amp; unmarked burial sites at 65 school sites are known.<\/p>&mdash; indianz.com (@indianz) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/indianz\/status\/1818360278029156514?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">July 30, 2024<\/a><\/blockquote> <script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nWith <a href=https:\/\/indianz.com\/z\/fibs\/>Volume II of the Federal Indian Boarding School Initiative Investigative Report<\/a>, the Biden administration for the first time put a dollar amount  on the  U.S. government resources that went into the system.\r\nAn estimated  $23.3 billion in inflation-adjusted dollars  was spent between 1871 and 1969   &#8212; a figure that  dwarfs the current levels of funding provided to all Indian Country programs.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n\u201cWe are still uncovering the harm inflicted by these boarding schools,&#8221;\r\n<a href=https:\/\/fernandez.house.gov\/>Rep. Teresa Leger Fernandez<\/a> (D-New Mexico), a sponsor of the House version of the  Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act, said at a <a href=https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/06\/20\/indian-boarding-school-bill-sees-renewed-momentum-on-capitol-hill\/>crucial markup session in  June<\/a>.\r\n &#8220;But we must continue the work to uncover the truths of this tragic and shameful chapter in our country\u2019s history.\u201d\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nThe 118th Congress   concludes  by the end of December so time is running out to pass S.1723 or H.R.227. And with  the  presidential election  in November consuming significant resources and energy, lawmakers have even fewer days this year to approve the legislation.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n&#8220;For generations, Native children were torn from their families and their communities, forced to change their names and cut their hair, forbidden to speak their language or practice their religion,&#8221; Vice President Kamala Harris said at the <a href=https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2023\/12\/11\/video-vice-president-kamala-harris-at-white-house-tribal-nations-summit\/>White House Tribal Nations Summit<\/a> last year.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n&#8220;In boarding schools, many Native children endured horrific physical, emotional, and sexual abuse,&#8221; added Harris, who is now running for president as the Democratic nominee following Biden&#8217;s exit from the race. &#8220;These acts were not only a violation of basic human rights but also an attack on the very existence of tribal nations, a systematic attempt to erase Native culture and Native identity.&#8221;\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-conversation=\"none\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">\u201cFor generations, Native children were torn from their families\u201d: Vice President Kamala Harris calls attention to Federal Indian Boarding School Initiative, an ongoing investigation by Secretary of the Interior Deb Haaland to document the genocidal Indian boarding school era. <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/VP?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@VP<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/M2ayZbtjAn\">pic.twitter.com\/M2ayZbtjAn<\/a><\/p>&mdash; indianz.com (@indianz) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/indianz\/status\/1732499321856139697?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">December 6, 2023<\/a><\/blockquote> <script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script>\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nDonald Trump, the Republican nominee and one-term former president, has not discussed Indian boarding schools during his campaigns or during his time in the White House.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n<div class=\"h4-responsive\">Related Stories<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"related-story\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/08\/01\/video-secretary-haaland-message-on-indian-boarding-school-investigation\/\" title=\"VIDEO: Secretary Haaland message on Indian boarding school investigation\">VIDEO: Secretary Haaland message on Indian boarding school investigation<\/a> (August 1, 2024)<\/div><div class=\"related-story\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/08\/01\/leaders-of-senate-committee-on-indian-affairs-issue-statements-on-indian-boarding-school-investigation\/\" title=\"Leaders of Senate Committee on Indian Affairs issue statements on Indian boarding school investigation\">Leaders of Senate Committee on Indian Affairs issue statements on Indian boarding school investigation<\/a> (August 1, 2024)<\/div><div class=\"related-story\"><a 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2024)<\/div><div class=\"related-story\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/07\/24\/audio-s-1723-the-truth-and-healing-commission-on-indian-boarding-school-policies-act\/\" title=\"AUDIO: S.1723, the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act\">AUDIO: S.1723, the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act<\/a> (July 24, 2024)<\/div><div class=\"related-story\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/07\/16\/bring-our-kids-home-winnebago-tribe-in-court-over-children-buried-at-indian-boarding-school\/\" title=\"\u2018Bring our kids home\u2019: Winnebago Tribe in court over children buried at Indian boarding school\">\u2018Bring our kids home\u2019: Winnebago Tribe in court over children buried at Indian boarding school<\/a> (July 16, 2024)<\/div><div class=\"related-story\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/07\/11\/tom-cole-bringing-the-dark-history-of-indian-boarding-schools-to-light\/\" title=\"Tom Cole: Bringing the dark history of Indian boarding schools to light\">Tom Cole: Bringing the dark history of Indian boarding schools to light<\/a> (July 11, 2024)<\/div><div class=\"related-story\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/06\/20\/indian-boarding-school-bill-sees-renewed-momentum-on-capitol-hill\/\" title=\"Indian boarding school bill sees renewed momentum on Capitol Hill\">Indian boarding school bill sees renewed momentum on Capitol Hill<\/a> (June 20, 2024)<\/div><div class=\"related-story\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/06\/20\/press-release-senate-committee-on-indian-affairs-prepares-indian-boarding-school-bill-for-passage\/\" title=\"Press Release: Senate Committee on Indian Affairs prepares Indian boarding school bill for passage\">Press Release: Senate Committee on Indian Affairs prepares Indian boarding school bill for passage<\/a> (June 20, 2024)<\/div><div class=\"related-story\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/06\/19\/audio-h-r-7227-truth-and-healing-commission-on-indian-boarding-school-policies-act\/\" title=\"AUDIO: H.R.7227, Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act\">AUDIO: H.R.7227, Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies Act<\/a> (June 19, 2024)<\/div><div class=\"related-story\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/01\/18\/cronkite-news-projects-document-indian-boarding-school-experience\/\" title=\"Cronkite News: Projects document Indian boarding school experience\">Cronkite News: Projects document Indian boarding school experience<\/a> (January 18, 2024)<\/div><div class=\"related-story\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2024\/01\/17\/winnebago-tribe-sues-for-return-of-children-buried-at-indian-boarding-school\/\" title=\"Winnebago Tribe sues for return of children buried at Indian boarding school\">Winnebago Tribe sues for return of children buried at Indian boarding school<\/a> (January 17, 2024)<\/div><div class=\"related-story\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2023\/10\/11\/dvids-tribes-reclaim-children-lost-at-carlisle-indian-boarding-school\/\" title=\"DVIDS: Tribes reclaim children lost at Carlisle Indian boarding school\">DVIDS: Tribes reclaim children lost at Carlisle Indian boarding school<\/a> (October 11, 2023)<\/div><div class=\"related-story\"><a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2023\/04\/19\/its-really-meaningful-to-me-omaha-nation-students-visit-site-of-former-boarding-school\/\" title=\"\u2018It\u2019s really meaningful to me\u2019: Omaha Nation students visit site of former boarding school\">\u2018It\u2019s really meaningful to me\u2019: Omaha Nation students visit site of former boarding school<\/a> (April 19, 2023)<\/div>\r\n  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/02\/debhaaland.jpg\" alt=\"Deb Haaland\"   class=\"invisible\" width=0 height=0 \/> ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Secretary Deb Haaland visited one of the most infamous Indian boarding school sites amid ongoing efforts to hold the U.S. accountable for a genocidal era in 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