{"id":33175,"date":"2023-10-25T15:59:22","date_gmt":"2023-10-25T19:59:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/?p=33175"},"modified":"2023-10-27T08:52:57","modified_gmt":"2023-10-27T12:52:57","slug":"canadian-documentary-focuses-on-icon-who-based-career-on-native-identity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2023\/10\/25\/canadian-documentary-focuses-on-icon-who-based-career-on-native-identity\/","title":{"rendered":"Canadian documentary focuses on &#8216;Icon&#8217; who based career on Native identity"},"content":{"rendered":" <a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2023\/10\/25\/canadian-documentary-focuses-on-icon-who-based-career-on-native-identity\/buffysaintemarie\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33183\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1342\" data-attachment-id=\"33183\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2023\/10\/25\/canadian-documentary-focuses-on-icon-who-based-career-on-native-identity\/buffysaintemarie\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/23\/BuffySainteMarie.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"2000,1342\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;5.6&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon EOS 5D Mark II&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1439148736&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;250&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;800&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.00125&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Buffy Sainte-Marie\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Buffy Sainte-Marie&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Buffy Sainte-Marie. Photo: &lt;a href=https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/festoffriends\/29450974133\/&gt;Festival of Friends&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/23\/BuffySainteMarie-1024x687.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/23\/BuffySainteMarie.jpg\" alt=\"Buffy Sainte-Marie\"  class=\"size-full wp-image-33183\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"figure-caption\"> Buffy Sainte-Marie, born Beverly Jean Santamaria. Photo: <a href=https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/festoffriends\/29450974133\/>Festival of Friends<\/a><\/figcaption>\r\n<div class=\"h3-responsive font-weight-bold\">Canadian documentary focuses on &#8216;Icon&#8217; who based career on Native identity<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"date\">Wednesday, October 25, 2023<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"byline\">By Acee Agoyo<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"source\">Indianz.Com<\/div>\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nA  Canadian news  documentary  airing at the end of the week focuses on the Native identity claims of one of the most celebrated performers in entertainment history.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nTitled &#8220;Making an Icon,&#8221; the description for the upcoming episode of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/fifthestate\"><em>The Fifth Estate<\/em> on CBC News<\/a> does not mention the name of the subject. But multiple Native people who took part in the documentary process told Indianz.Com that it&#8217;s about <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Buffy_Sainte-Marie\">Buffy Sainte-Marie<\/a>, whose decades-long career  in music, television and education rests on her claim of being  Cree from the <a href=\"https:\/\/piapotnation.com\/\">Piapot Cree Nation<\/a>,  one of the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_Nations_in_Canada\">First Nations<\/a>  in the province of Saskatchewan.\r\n<p><\/P>\r\n&#8220;An icon&#8217;s claims to Indigenous ancestry are being called into question by family members and an investigation that included genealogical documentation, historical research and personal accounts,&#8221; the description for the October 27 episode reads.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nThe documentary comes at a defining time for a performer whose life has been filled with groundbreaking moments.  On August 3,  Sainte-Marie, who turned 82 earlier this year, surprised her followers by declaring her &#8220;retirement from  live performance. The <a href=\"https:\/\/buffysainte-marie.com\/?p=12753\">announcement cited<\/a> &#8220;travel-induced health concerns and performance-inhibiting physical challenges&#8221; facing the aging musician.\r\n<P><\/p>\r\n\u201cI have made the difficult decision to pull out of all scheduled performances in the foreseeable future,&#8221; Sainte-Marie said as part of the announcement, which resulted in the cancellation of a slew of previously scheduled shows. \r\n<p><\/p>\r\n &#8220;Arthritic hands and a recent shoulder injury have made it no longer possible to perform to my standards,&#8221; added Sainte-Marie, whose storied legacy includes <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YMRP0HVD63g\">winning an Academy Award<\/a> for the \u201c<a href=https:\/\/amzn.to\/3FtuqEZ>Up Where We Belong<\/a>\u201d song  from the film \u201c<a href=https:\/\/amzn.to\/474pAtt>An Officer and a Gentleman<\/a>.\u201d \r\n<P><\/p>\r\n &#8220;Sincere regrets to all my fans and family, my band and the support teams that make it all possible,\u201d Sainte-Marie  concluded.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n<div class=\" content_cards_card content_cards_domain_twitter-com\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"content_cards_image\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_image_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/BuffySteMarie\/status\/1687228690147495936\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/plugins\/content-cards\/skins\/default\/content-cards-placeholder.png\" alt=\"\">\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_title\">\n\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_title_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/BuffySteMarie\/status\/1687228690147495936\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_description\">\n\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_description_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/BuffySteMarie\/status\/1687228690147495936\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_site_name\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/abs.twimg.com\/favicons\/twitter.3.ico\" alt=\"X (formerly Twitter)\" class=\"content_cards_favicon\"\/>\t\tX (formerly Twitter)\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nBut the Native people who participated in CBC&#8217;s documentary process believe Sainte-Marie&#8217;s decision to step away from the spotlight is directly connected to the questions about her First Nations identity.  According to the sources,  work on the hour-long episode began more than a year ago and it grew to include interviews with individuals in the United States, where the performer was raised following claims to have been born in Canada and adopted out of Piapot.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nDue to the lengthy production time associated with the CBC project, Sainte-Marie would have been well aware of the  nature of the documentary &#8212; especially of its potential to unravel a career that began in the 1960s, the people said. The award-winning singer and songwriter has largely remained silent about her retirement decision, with no significant interviews appearing in mainstream media since her announcement more than two months ago.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nBut on October 14, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=r4L23kzJh3M\">Sainte-Marie appeared on a podcast<\/a> in which she undermined her own long-running claims about her Native heritage. In an interview with <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Terry_David_Mulligan\">Terry David Mulligan<\/a>, a Canadian actor and radio and television personality who described the singer as one of his &#8220;good friends,&#8221; she said she wasn&#8217;t adopted out of the Piapot Cree Nation as she has often asserted.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n&#8220;I&#8217;m always trying to clarify the urban legend stories because some of them are just not true and others are confusing,&#8221; Sainte-Marie said on the podcast, seemingly indicating that it&#8217;s the public that has not understood her Native claims.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n &#8220;I think there&#8217;s been confusion regarding my Piapot adoption, for instance,&#8221;  Sainte-Marie  said of her connection to an elderly Cree couple that welcomed her into their family after she rose to prominence as a folk singer. &#8220;I was adopted <em>into<\/em> the Piapot family &#8212; not  I was <em>adopted out<\/em> of Piapot  Reserve.&#8221;\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n&#8220;And that makes a big difference,&#8221; she said. \r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<div class=\"embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\">\r\n<div class=\" content_cards_card content_cards_domain_youtu-be\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"content_cards_image\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_image_link\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/r4L23kzJh3M\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/05\/maxresdefault-2810.jpg\" alt=\"EP 277 | Buffy Sainte-Marie &amp; Tom Wilson\">\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_title\">\n\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_title_link\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/r4L23kzJh3M\">\n\t\t\tEP 277 | Buffy Sainte-Marie &#038; Tom Wilson\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_description\">\n\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_description_link\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/r4L23kzJh3M\">\n\t\t\t<p>The first Podcast guest is\u00a0Buffy Sainte Marie.Buffy has announced after a glorious 60-year career, she\u2019s not touring anymore and her documentary Carry it on\u00a0&#8230;<\/p>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_site_name\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/s\/desktop\/5ccc1a49\/img\/favicon.ico\" alt=\"YouTube\" class=\"content_cards_favicon\"\/>\t\tYouTube\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<figcaption class=\"figure-caption\">Terry David Mulligan: <a href=https:\/\/youtu.be\/r4L23kzJh3M>EP 277 | Buffy Sainte-Marie &#038; Tom Wilson<\/a>\r\n<\/figcaption>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nAccording to Sainte-Marie, the  media projects in which she willingly participated have  not told the whole story about her past either. On the podcast, she said  even  the  recent <a href=https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wnet\/americanmasters\/buffy-sainte-marie-documentary\/23327\/><em>Buffy Sainte-Marie: Carry It On<\/em>  documentary<\/a>,  which is up for an <a href=https:\/\/www.iemmys.tv>International Emmy<\/a> award,  omits key information despite being promoted as an &#8220;<a href=https:\/\/www.imdb.com\/title\/tt15481464\/>in-depth look<\/a>&#8221; at her life.\r\n<p><\/P>\r\n&#8220;We had to leave so much out,&#8221; Sainte-Marie  said of the 2022 project &#8212;  except for &#8220;one terrible incident&#8221; that took place during her childhood.\r\n<P><\/p>\r\n&#8220;You don&#8217;t really get a picture of who I was because I didn&#8217;t really have any identity,&#8221;  Sainte-Marie  said on the podcast. &#8220;I didn&#8217;t know whether I was Indigenous  or not, or mixed or I was adopted.&#8221;\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nStill, the    lack of clarity about Sainte-Marie&#8217;s upbringing can be traced   to her own words. In her first  biography,   published in 2012 and written by a Native author, she claims  not to   know whether she was born in Canada or the U.S.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n&#8220;I may have been born in Saskatchewan to parents I never knew,&#8221; she told author <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fnuniv.ca\/academic\/faculty\/dr-a-blair-stonechild\/\">Blair Stonechild<\/a> in <a href=https:\/\/amzn.to\/3FsC0j5><em>Buffy Sainte-Marie: It&#8217;s My Way<\/em><\/a>.  &#8220;I was told I was adopted and I didn&#8217;t like it and I always felt insecure as a kid.&#8221;\r\n<P><\/p>\r\n&#8220;I may have been orphaned or maybe not but I was brought up by a family who are part Micmac and part non-Indian in Massachusetts and in Maine,&#8221; Sainte-Marie continued, referring to the <a href=https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mi%27kmaq>Mi&#8217;kmaq people<\/a> whose present-day tribes are located in Maine in the U.S. and in the Atlantic provinces in Canada.\r\n<P><\/p>\r\n Her &#8220;authorized&#8221; biography, this one penned by a non-Native   and published in 2018, doubles down  on   the  vague origin story.   The book says Sainte-Marie was &#8220;probably&#8221; born on the Piapot  Reserve in Saskatchewan, &#8220;most likely&#8221; in   1941 and &#8220;on or around&#8221; February 20 of that year.\r\n<P><\/P> \r\n&#8220;There&#8217;s no official record of  Buffy Sainte-Marie&#8217;s birth, not really, at least not a satisfactory and decisive one,&#8221;  author  <a href=\"http:\/\/www.theandreawarner.com\/about\">Andrea Warner<\/a> &#8212; who also served as  co-writer and associate producer of last year&#8217;s documentary, states in the first sentence of the opening chapter of <a href=https:\/\/amzn.to\/3MeJ6vH><EM>Buffy Sainte-Marie: The Authorized Biography<\/em><\/a>.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n <iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/omny.fm\/shows\/a-day-to-listen\/buffy-sainte-marie-on-indigenous-identity\/embed?style=Cover&#038;size=Square\" width=\"400\" height=\"400\" allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write\" frameborder=\"0\" title=\"Buffy Sainte-Marie: Indigenous Identity &#038; the Impacts of Colonial Systems\"><\/iframe>\r\n<figcaption class=\"figure-caption\">A Day To Listen &#8211; <a href=https:\/\/omny.fm\/shows\/a-day-to-listen\/buffy-sainte-marie-on-indigenous-identity>Buffy Sainte-Marie: Indigenous Identity &#038; the Impacts of Colonial Systems<\/a>\r\n<\/figcaption>\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nThe supposed erasure of  Sainte-Marie&#8217;s birth  has allowed the performer  to fill in the blanks with her own narrative. She frequently associates herself with the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sixties_Scoop\">genocidal  Sixties Scoop  era in Canada<\/a>, during which <a href=https:\/\/indigenousfoundations.arts.ubc.ca\/sixties_scoop\/>Native children were taken   from their communities<\/a> and placed with White families in order to disconnect them from their First Nations.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nAccording to <a href=https:\/\/sixtiesscoopsettlement.info\/faq\/>Native survivors<\/a>  who secured a settlement against the Canadian government,   the Sixties Scoop   began in 1951 &#8212; a decade after the year Sainte-Marie accepts as her birth. It lasted until 1991, resulting in the removal of more than  20,000 children from their  Native families, cultures and heritages.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nOn   a recent radio program, Sainte-Marie  equated the <a href=https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2018\/09\/29\/652791230\/buffy-sainte-maries-authorized-biography-serves-as-a-map-of-hope>uncertainty about her childhood<\/a> to the mass pain  caused by  the Sixties Scoop. The show coincided with <a href=https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/en\/canadian-heritage\/campaigns\/national-day-truth-reconciliation.html>National Day for Truth and Reconciliation<\/a>  on September 30,  which was declared a government holiday in honor of  the victims and  survivors of    <a href=https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Canadian_Indian_residential_school_system>Native residential schools<\/a>, yet another   genocidal period in Canada&#8217;s history.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n&#8220;We who have been adopted away, scooped away, some of us who have been born on the wrong side of the blanket, you know, some of us who  are really &#8212; I shouldn&#8217;t say insecure, but I should say   unknowledgeable  &#8212; about our backgrounds, our heritage backgrounds,&#8221;\r\nSainte-Marie  said on the <a href=https:\/\/omny.fm\/shows\/a-day-to-listen\/buffy-sainte-marie-on-indigenous-identity>radio show dubbed  <em>A Day to Listen<\/em><\/a>.  Her  &#8220;blanket&#8221; reference is one she made in the official biography, alluding to the idea that one of her parents could have been someone else.\r\n\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n&#8220;Because we don&#8217;t know, because nobody would tell us, we grow up with a kind of insecurity,&#8221; Sainte-Marie  \r\ntold  ShoShona Kish, an <a href=https:\/\/www.diggingrootsmusic.com\/about>Anishinaabe artist<\/a>  from the  Batchewana First Nation in Ontario who served as host of the program.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nLater in the show, Sainte-Marie claims a fire at an unspecified hospital in Saskatchewan resulted in the loss of records  from   precisely  the same  time period  that  she accepts as her birth &#8212;  &#8220;on or around&#8221; February 20, 1941, according to  Warner&#8217;s biography.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n&#8220;In my own case, birth and adoption records concerning Indigenous people, they were very low priority in the 40s, you know,&#8221; Sainte-Marie said.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n&#8220;Thinking I may have originated in Saskatchewan? Well, the hospital there had had a fire, that had burned up six or seven years worth of records, so anybody born around there at that time doesn&#8217;t have any paper trail,&#8221; Sainte-Marie  added.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n<div class=\" content_cards_card content_cards_domain_twitter-com\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"content_cards_image\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_image_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/TheDHTaylor\/status\/1716463305756176503\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/plugins\/content-cards\/skins\/default\/content-cards-placeholder.png\" alt=\"\">\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_title\">\n\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_title_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/TheDHTaylor\/status\/1716463305756176503\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_description\">\n\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_description_link\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/TheDHTaylor\/status\/1716463305756176503\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_site_name\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/abs.twimg.com\/favicons\/twitter.3.ico\" alt=\"X (formerly Twitter)\" class=\"content_cards_favicon\"\/>\t\tX (formerly Twitter)\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nIn  the months since the <em>The Fifth Estate<\/em> began its investigation for CBC, additional information has cast doubt on Sainte-Marie&#8217;s narrative.  As referenced in the show description, &#8220;family members&#8221; appear to have been the source of some of the unraveling of the icon&#8217;s past.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nSainte-Marie&#8217;s son from her marriage to <a href=https:\/\/muppet.fandom.com\/wiki\/Sheldon_Peters_Wolfchild>Sheldon Peters Wolfchild<\/a>, a Dakota  actor,  <a href=https:\/\/narf.org\/nill\/bulletins\/federal\/documents\/wolf_child.html>activist<\/a> and <a href=https:\/\/www.38plus2productions.com\/>filmmaker<\/a>  from Minnesota, has repeatedly stated on social media that his biological mother attained her Native identity through &#8220;naturalization&#8221; &#8212; not by birth to Native parents. He has affirmed her admission that she was adopted into a Cree family, contradicting her association with the era of forced removals and adoptions, a story she <a href=https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zIzTu23A4UM>repeated on a CBC program in 1994<\/a>.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nHer  son further  stated that Sainte-Marie  and her   family have long claimed descent from Indigenous people in New England, echoing the &#8220;part Micmac&#8221; quote from the biography published over a decade ago.  He himself has asserted  on social media  that he has &#8220;East Coast Native DNA \/ blood \/ ancestry&#8221; &#8212; the source of which would be his biological mother.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nIn an effort to confirm the &#8220;part Micmac&#8221; lore,  another family member &#8212; Sainte-Marie&#8217;s  younger sister &#8212; shared  online that she took a   commercial DNA test  through  <a href=https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ancestry.com>Ancestry.Com, the largest for-profit genealogy company<\/a> in the world.   In discussing the results, she said she is   biologically &#8220;related&#8221; to Wolfchild&#8217;s son, a scenario that would be impossible if her famous sibling&#8217;s <a href=https:\/\/www.npr.org\/transcripts\/652791230>&#8220;Big Scoop&#8221; narrative<\/a> were factual.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nThe  sister revealed that she uploaded the DNA data files from her Ancestry.Com test to  <a href=https:\/\/www.gedmatch.com\/>GEDMatch<\/a>, a popular website used for genetic genealogy and family tree research. In one of her posts on social media, she even shared the  <a href=https:\/\/www.genealogyexplained.com\/gedmatch-kit-numbers\/>unique identifier  associated with  her   &#8220;kit&#8221;<\/a> &#8212;  as the results are known  on the site.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nUsing the unique identifier, the sister&#8217;s DNA  kit  was  viewed  by Indianz.Com. They results show  almost no American Indian component in the  Sainte-Marie family&#8217;s genetic makeup, undercutting the claim  of being &#8220;part Micmac&#8221; that appeared in the 2012 biography and in early news stories about the singer known around the world as &#8220;Buffy.&#8221;\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<div class=\"mt-1 mb-1\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block; text-align:center;\" data-ad-layout=\"in-article\" data-ad-format=\"fluid\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-8411603009680747\" data-ad-slot=\"6394965691\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/div>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nThe opening sentence of the more recent  &#8220;authorized&#8221; biography also has been cast into doubt by the discovery of an official record of  Sainte-Marie&#8217;s birth. The document, a copy of which was viewed by Indianz.Com, shows a female child named &#8220;Beverley Jean Santamaria&#8221; having been born   to father Albert Santamaria and mother Winifred Irene Kenrick on  February 20, 1941 &#8212; the birthdate that Buffy has accepted as her own.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nAccording to the official record of Sainte-Marie&#8217;s birth,  Beverley Jean Santamaria was born at the \r\n<a href=https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Boston_Regional_Medical_Center>New England Sanitarium and Hospital<\/a> in Stoneham, Massachusetts. The facility, which   shut down in 1999, was only about 10 miles from the  family&#8217;s home  at the time in North Reading.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nThe defunct hospital was recorded to be  the same place of birth as a  male child  whom Albert and  Winifred lost as an infant at just four months of age,  a  tragic detail included  in the 2012 biography. These two Santamaria children and their years of birth &#8212; 1940 for Wayne and 1941 for Beverley   &#8212; are listed in the Massachusetts birth index, a book based on official records from the state government.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nLikewise, the family&#8217;s use of the  &#8220;Sainte-Marie&#8221; name is  contradicted by information that wasn&#8217;t contained in either of the biographies.  According to the 2012 biography, the  Santamarias became  &#8220;St. Marie&#8221; in an effort to avoid &#8220;anti-Italian prejudice&#8221; following <a href=https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/World_War_II>World War II<\/a>. The claim  is attributed in the book to Buffy&#8217;s younger sister, the one who took the DNA test.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nHowever, the <a href=https:\/\/www.archives.gov\/research\/census\/1950>U.S. Census from 1950<\/a>, which only became publicly available on April 1, 2022, shows the family was still officially using the &#8220;Santamaria&#8221; surname &#8212; some five years after the end of the world conflict. Buffy&#8217;s younger sister was reported to be one year of age at the time of the national count. By this time, the Santamarias, including an older male child born in 1936, had moved to Wakefield, not far from  North Reading, where  they were living in  1940.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nThe 2012 book further claims that Buffy starting using the &#8220;French spelling, Sainte-Marie,&#8221; in order to protect her family when she became &#8220;famous and controversial&#8221; as a folk singer known for speaking her mind on political and cultural issues. But one of the earliest news reports featuring the name &#8220;Buffy Sainte-Marie&#8221; dates to  1960  &#8212; when she was  part of the &#8220;Operetta Guild&#8221; as a student at the University of Massachusetts in Amherst, located in the western part of the state. A 1961 story   reported &#8220;Buffy Sainte-Marie&#8221;  being a   student who took part in a theater production at a nearby college.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n <a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2023\/10\/25\/canadian-documentary-focuses-on-icon-who-based-career-on-native-identity\/beverleyjsaintemarieuniversityofmassachusettsamherst\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33249\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2147\" height=\"926\" data-attachment-id=\"33249\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2023\/10\/25\/canadian-documentary-focuses-on-icon-who-based-career-on-native-identity\/beverleyjsaintemarieuniversityofmassachusettsamherst\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/25\/BeverleyJSainteMarieUniversityofMassachusettsAmherst.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"2147,926\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Beverley J. Sainte-Marie\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Beverley J. Sainte-Marie&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;A college graduation yearbook entry for Beverley J. Sainte-Marie at the University of Massachusetts in 1962. &lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/25\/BeverleyJSainteMarieUniversityofMassachusettsAmherst-1024x442.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/25\/BeverleyJSainteMarieUniversityofMassachusettsAmherst.jpg\" alt=\"Beverley J. Sainte-Marie\"  class=\"size-full wp-image-33249\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"figure-caption\"> A graduation yearbook entry for Beverley J. Sainte-Marie at the University of Massachusetts in 1962. <\/figcaption>\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nIn 1962, when Buffy graduated, she was  identified by the name &#8220;Beverley J. Sainte-Marie.&#8221; The address   in the University of Massachusetts    yearbook  is the same as the one that appeared on the 1950 Census   and the same one listed in the 2012 biography: 24-A Prospect Street in Wakefield. Her interests included the &#8220;Operetta Guild&#8221; and the &#8220;Student Christian Association.&#8221;\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nNot long after  her graduation, Buffy was taking her talents on the road. A November 8, 1962, newspaper ad in The Philadelphia Inquirer promoted her as an &#8220;American Indian Girl&#8221; with &#8220;Songs, Stories, Arts &#038; Crafts.&#8221; Admission was only $1.50.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nThe year 1962 is a critical one, at least according to the first biography. The book states that Buffy visited at least two  First Nations in Canada that year, and that she met an elderly man from the Piapot Cree Nation at a powwow on a reserve in Ontario.  Emile Piapot   and his wife, the elderly Clara Marie Starblanket Piapot, eventually took her into their family following a subsequent visit to the Piapot Reserve in Saskatchewan.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n Clara, a granddaughter of <a href=https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ahtahkakoop>Cree Chief Starblanket<\/a>,   passed away on March 1,  1982, on her 81st birthday, according to the obituary, which  identified Buffy as her &#8220;adopted daughter.&#8221; Emile, whose father was <a href=https:\/\/piapotnation.com\/history-2\/>Cree-Assiniboine Chief Payepot<\/a>, passed on in January 1995 at the age of 91.\r\n<P><\/p>\r\nJust last year,  <a href=https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/radio\/q\/thursday-june-30-2022-buffy-sainte-marie-and-more-1.6500579\/10-things-we-learned-about-buffy-sainte-marie-a-canadian-living-legend-1.6505923>Buffy told CBC News<\/a> that   her connection to the Piapot family was intended to be private, expressing surprise when a Canadian reporter supposedly showed up to the reserve and found her there. Yet by the start of 1963, a transformation   became readily apparent. Media reports began  describing her as a &#8220;Cree Indian&#8221; &#8212; even assigning her various degrees of blood quantum, from &#8220;mixed-blood Cree&#8221; to &#8220;full-blooded Cree Indian.&#8221;\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nStill, Buffy couldn&#8217;t avoid her very recent past.   An  October 1963 news story called her a &#8220;Micmac Indian&#8221; who was supposedly born in Maine and was raised by a &#8220;part Micmac family&#8221; in Maine and in Massachusetts, where she said they   maintained two homes. The Detroit Free Press even claimed she had a &#8220;Micmac name&#8221; &#8212; <em>Tsankapasa<\/em>, which was translated in the report as &#8220;dark fawn.&#8221;\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nIt would take more than  than a decade for Buffy to officially adopt  a different name. In 1976, she changed her name from &#8220;Beverley Jean St. Marie&#8221; to &#8220;Beverley Jean Sainte-Marie Wolfchild.&#8221; The petition was approved at the time of her residence in the state of Hawaii, where she currently lives.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n <a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2023\/10\/25\/canadian-documentary-focuses-on-icon-who-based-career-on-native-identity\/beverlystmarie\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33252\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1229\" height=\"825\" data-attachment-id=\"33252\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2023\/10\/25\/canadian-documentary-focuses-on-icon-who-based-career-on-native-identity\/beverlystmarie\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/25\/BeverlyStMarie.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"1229,825\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;1&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Beverly St. Marie\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Beverly St. Marie&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;A high school graduation yearbook entry for Beverly St. Marie at Wakefield High School in Wakefield, Massachusetts, in 1958 &lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/25\/BeverlyStMarie-1024x687.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/25\/BeverlyStMarie.jpg\" alt=\"Beverly St. Marie\"   class=\"size-full wp-image-33252\" \/><\/a> <figcaption class=\"figure-caption\">A high school graduation yearbook entry for Beverly St. Marie at Wakefield High School in Wakefield, Massachusetts, in 1958 <\/figcaption>\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nCBC News has kept details of the   <em>The Fifth Estate<\/em> documentary mostly under wraps despite the significant amount of work  invested in the project. The show description didn&#8217;t appear online until the last couple of days.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nAnd viewers who aren&#8217;t in Canada won&#8217;t be able to watch Friday evening&#8217;s episode as it airs. A public relations spokesperson for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation&#8217;s news division told Indianz.Com that &#8220;CBC TV and the CBC Gem streaming platform are geolocked to Canada&#8221; &#8212; meaning that the U.S. audience can&#8217;t tune in live.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nHowever, the spokesperson said that episodes of    <em>The Fifth Estate<\/em>  are usually posted on the program&#8217;s YouTube channel at <a href=https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/c\/cbcfifth> youtube.com\/c\/cbcfifth<\/a>. Once the show is posted there, anyone will be able to watch it.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n<em>The Fifth Estate<\/em>, an award-winning program,  is in its 49th season. The first episode of the season &#8212; titled &#8220;Lessons Not Learned&#8221; &#8212;  is <a href=https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=VXJTs4NHfz8>available on YouTube<\/a>. It looks at the ways in which the Canadian government and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police have cooperated with the government  of China on law enforcement matters.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\nCBC News itself has reported extensively on prominent figures who have based careers   on claims of belonging to First Nations in Canada. Recent stories have looked at filmmaker <a href=https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/indigenous\/michelle-latimer-kitigan-zibi-indigenous-identity-1.5845310>Michelle Latimer<\/a>, professor <a href=https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/news\/canada\/saskatchewan\/carrie-bourassa-resigns-1.6473964>Carrie Bourassa<\/a>,   legal expert <a href=https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/newsinteractives\/features\/mary-ellen-turpel-lafond-indigenous-cree-claims>Mary Ellen Turpel-Lafond<\/a> and former university administrator <a href=https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/newsinteractives\/features\/identity-vianne-timmons>Vianne Timmons<\/a>.\r\n<p><\/p>\r\nLast year, <a href=https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2022\/09\/30\/the-pretendians-documentary-from-canada-tackles-hot-topic\/>CBC premiered a documentary<\/a> called, simply, \u201c<a href=https:\/\/www.cbc.ca\/passionateeye\/episodes\/the-pretendians>The Pretendians<\/a>.\u201d\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n<div class=\"embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\">\r\n<div class=\" content_cards_card content_cards_domain_www-youtube-com\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"content_cards_image\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_image_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zIzTu23A4UM\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/05\/hqdefault-178.jpg\" alt=\"Buffy Sainte-Marie on Adoption (1994)\">\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_title\">\n\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_title_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zIzTu23A4UM\">\n\t\t\tBuffy Sainte-Marie on Adoption (1994)\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_description\">\n\t\t<a class=\"content_cards_description_link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zIzTu23A4UM\">\n\t\t\t<p>Buffy Sainte-Marie was just awarded the Allan Waters Humanitarian Award at the 2017 Juno Awards. Hear her thoughts on the significance of adoption in Cree cu&#8230;<\/p>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"content_cards_site_name\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/s\/desktop\/5ccc1a49\/img\/favicon.ico\" alt=\"YouTube\" class=\"content_cards_favicon\"\/>\t\tYouTube\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<figcaption class=\"figure-caption\">CBC Music: <a href=https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zIzTu23A4UM>Buffy Sainte-Marie on Adoption (1994)<\/a>\r\n<\/figcaption><P><\/p>\r\n<div class=\"h5-responsive sub\">Buffy Sainte-Marie &#8211; In her own words<\/div>\r\n<div><Em>A <a href=https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=zIzTu23A4UM>clip from   CBC&#8217;s Adrienne Clarkson Presents<\/a>. Aired March 15, 1994.<\/em><\/div>\r\n&#8220;I was apparently born in Saskatchewan, adopted away. I was raised in Maine, in Massachusetts, and as much as I&#8217;ve been able to put together, I do come from this area.\r\n<P><\/P>\r\n I&#8217;m not positive of how I&#8217;m genetically related to the family\r\nwho has since become my family. But  there&#8217;s a tradition in Cree culture,\r\nwhich is quite different from the European tradition, and adoption is taken\r\nreally seriously,  probably even more seriously than marriage. \r\n<p><\/p>\r\nAnd if if a family loses a child, if a child dies,\r\nthen those parents are always leave that \r\nspace in their hearts open to be filled\r\nby another life, by another child.&#8221;\r\n<P><\/p>\r\n <a href=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2023\/10\/25\/canadian-documentary-focuses-on-icon-who-based-career-on-native-identity\/piapotsaskatchewan\/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33260\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" data-attachment-id=\"33260\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/2023\/10\/25\/canadian-documentary-focuses-on-icon-who-based-career-on-native-identity\/piapotsaskatchewan\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/25\/PiapotSaskatchewan-scaled.jpg\" data-orig-size=\"2560,1707\" data-comments-opened=\"0\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;4&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;unknown&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;Canon EOS DIGITAL REBEL XT&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;1183882986&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;10&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;1600&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0.005&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"Piapot, Saskatchewan\" data-image-description=\"&lt;p&gt;Piapot, Saskatchewan&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;Piapot, Saskatchewan. Photo: &lt;a href=https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/mithop25\/892891010\/&gt;Mitchell Hopkins&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/25\/PiapotSaskatchewan-1024x683.jpg\" src=\"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/25\/PiapotSaskatchewan-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"Piapot, Saskatchewan\" class=\"size-full wp-image-33260\" \/><\/a> <figcaption class=\"figure-caption\">Piapot, Saskatchewan. Photo: <a href=https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/mithop25\/892891010\/>Mitchell Hopkins<\/a><\/figcaption>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"A Canadian news documentary focuses on the Native identity claims of one of the most celebrated performers in entertainment history.","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":33260,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_vp_format_video_url":"","_vp_image_focal_point":[],"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,15,1],"tags":[4287,4280,4279,111,4278,2246,110,834,175,1244,470,243,908,4286,435,2261,47,134,1679,2485,4281,2429,109],"class_list":["post-33175","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arts-entertainment","category-canada","category-national","tag-60s-scoop","tag-andrea-warner","tag-blair-stonechild","tag-books","tag-buffy-sainte-marie","tag-dna","tag-film","tag-hawaii","tag-languages","tag-maine","tag-massachusetts","tag-media","tag-ontario","tag-ontarior","tag-powwows","tag-pretendians","tag-race","tag-radio","tag-residential-schools","tag-saskatchewan","tag-shoshona-kish","tag-sixties-scoop","tag-tv","no-wpautop"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/25\/PiapotSaskatchewan-scaled.jpg","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pcoJ7g-8D5","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33175","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=33175"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33175\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/33260"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=33175"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=33175"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/indianz.com\/News\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=33175"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}